UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 8-K

CURRENT REPORT

Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): October 19, 2021

MiNK Therapeutics, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

149 Fifth Avenue, Suite 500, New York, NY 10010

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: 212-994-8250

Not applicable

(Former name or former address, if changed since last report.)

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).

Emerging growth company  ☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐

Item 3.03 Material Modification to Rights of Security Holders.

The information set forth under Item 5.03 below is incorporated by reference in this Item 3.03.

Item 5.03 Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year.

On October 19, 2021, MiNK Therapeutics, Inc. (the “Company”) filed an amended and restated certificate of incorporation (the “Charter”), substantially in the form previously filed as Exhibit 3.3 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-259503) (as amended, the “Registration Statement”), with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware in connection with the closing of the initial public offering (the “Offering”) of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.00001 per share (the “Common Stock”). The Charter and the Company’s Amended and Restated By-laws (the “By-laws”), in the form previously filed as Exhibit 3.5 to the Registration Statement, each became effective upon the closing of the Offering on October 19, 2021.

The Charter, among other things, provides that the Company’s authorized capital stock consists of 150,000,000 shares of Common Stock, and 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock. A description of the Company’s capital stock, after giving effect to the adoption of the Charter and By-laws, was previously reported by the Company in the Registration Statement. The Charter and By-laws are filed herewith as Exhibit 3.1 and Exhibit 3.2, respectively, and are incorporated herein by reference.

Item 9.01 Financial Statements and Exhibits.

(d) Exhibits.

Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

Exhibit 3.1

AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

OF

MINK THERAPEUTICS, INC.

The undersigned, for the purpose of amending and restating the Certificate of Incorporation of MiNK Therapeutics, Inc. under the laws of the State of Delaware, hereby certifies as follows:

1. The name of the corporation is MiNK Therapeutics, Inc. and the date that the corporation’s original Certificate of Incorporation was filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware was July 5, 2017. The corporation’s original Certificate of Incorporation listed the name of the corporation as “AgenTus Biosciences Inc.”

2. Pursuant to a meeting of the Board of Directors of MiNK Therapeutics, Inc., a resolution was duly adopted, pursuant to Sections 141, 242 and 245 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, setting forth this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and declaring the adoption of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation to be advisable. The stockholders of MiNK Therapeutics, Inc. duly approved this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation in accordance with Sections 212, 242 and 245 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.

3. This Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation amends and restates the Certificate of Incorporation of MiNK Therapeutics, Inc. in its entirety as follows:

FIRST: The name of the corporation is MiNK Therapeutics, Inc. (the “Corporation”).

SECOND: The address of the registered office of the Corporation in the State of Delaware is 1209 Orange Street, in the City of Wilmington, New Castle County, Delaware 19801. The name of its registered agent at such address is The Corporation Trust Company.

THIRD: The purpose of the corporation is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which corporations may be organized under the General Corporation Law of Delaware.

FOURTH: The Corporation shall be authorized to issue 155,000,000 shares of capital stock, which shall be divided into 150,000,000 shares of Common Stock, par value $0.00001 per share, and 5,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, par value $0.00001 per share.

The following is a statement of the designations, preferences, voting powers, qualifications, special or relative rights and privileges in respect of the authorized capital stock of the Corporation.

PREFERRED STOCK

The Board of Directors is authorized, subject to limitations prescribed by law and the provisions of this Article FOURTH, to provide by resolution for the issuance of the shares of Preferred Stock in one or more series, and by filing a certificate pursuant to the applicable law of the State of Delaware, to establish from time to time the number of shares to be included in each such series, and to fix the designations, powers, preferences and rights of the shares of each such series and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof.

The authority of the Board with respect to each series shall include, but shall not be limited to, determination of the following:

(a) The number of shares constituting that series and the distinctive designation of that series;

(b) The dividend rate, if any, on the shares of that series, whether dividends shall be cumulative, and if so, from which date or dates, and the relative rights of priority, if any, of payment of dividends on shares of the series;

(c) Whether that series shall have voting rights, in addition to the voting rights provided by law, and, if so, the terms of such voting rights;

(d) Whether that series shall have conversion privileges, and, if so, the terms and conditions of such conversion, including provision for adjustment of the conversion rate in such events as the Board of Directors shall determine;

(e) Whether or not the shares of that series shall be redeemable, and if so, the terms and conditions of such redemption, including the date or dates upon or after which they shall be redeemable, and the amount per share payable in case of redemption, which amount may vary under different conditions and at different redemption dates;

(f) Whether that series shall have a sinking fund for the redemption or purchase of shares of that series, and if so, the terms and amount of such sinking fund;

(g) The rights of the shares of that series in the event of voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation, and the relative rights of priority, if any, of payment of shares of that series;

(h) Any other relative rights, preferences and limitations of that series.

COMMON STOCK

The Common Stock is subject to the rights and preferences of the Preferred Stock as hereinbefore set forth or authorized.

Subject to the provisions of any applicable law or of the bylaws of the Corporation, as from time to time amended, with respect to the fixing of a record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to vote, and except as otherwise provided herein or by law or by the resolution or resolutions providing for the issue of any series of Preferred Stock, the holders of outstanding shares of Common Stock shall have exclusive voting rights for the election of directors and for all other purposes, each holder of record of shares of Common Stock being entitled to one vote for each share of Common Stock standing in his name on the books of the Corporation.

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Subject to the rights of any one or more series of Preferred Stock, the holders of Common Stock shall be entitled to receive such dividends from time to time as may be declared by the Board of Directors out of any funds of the Corporation legally available for the payment of such dividends.

In the event of the liquidation, dissolution, or winding up of the Corporation, whether voluntary or involuntary, after payment shall have been made to the holders of the Preferred Stock of the full amount to which they are entitled, the holders of Common Stock shall be entitled to share ratably according to the number of shares of Common Stock held by them in all remaining assets of the Corporation available for distribution to its stockholders.

ISSUANCE

Subject to the provisions of this Certificate of Incorporation and except as otherwise provided by law, the shares of stock of the Corporation, regardless of class, may be issued for such consideration and for such corporate purposes as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine.

FIFTH: The following provisions are inserted for the management of the business and for the conduct of the affairs of the Corporation:

1. The number of directors that shall constitute the whole Board of Directors shall be fixed by resolution of the Board of Directors.

2. The directors shall be divided into three classes, as nearly equal in number as the then total number of directors constituting the entire Board permits, with the term of office of one class expiring each year. The initial Class I directors elected by the stockholders of the Corporation shall hold office for a term expiring at the 2022 annual meeting of stockholders; the initial Class II directors elected by the stockholders of the Corporation shall hold office for a term expiring at the 2023 annual meeting of stockholders; and the initial Class III directors elected by the stockholders of the Corporation shall hold office for a term expiring at the 2024 annual meeting of stockholders. At each such annual meeting of stockholders and at each annual meeting thereafter, successors to the class of directors whose term expires at that meeting shall be elected for a term expiring at the third annual meeting following their election and until their successors shall be elected and qualified, subject to prior death, resignation, retirement or removal. If the number of directors is changed, any increase or decrease shall be apportioned among the classes so as to maintain the number of directors in each class as nearly equal as possible, but in no event will a decrease in the number of directors shorten the term of any incumbent director. Notwithstanding the foregoing, and except as otherwise required by law, whenever the holders of any one or more series of Preferred Stock shall have the right, voting separately as a class, to elect one or more directors of the Corporation, the election, terms of office and other features of such directorships shall be governed by the terms of the vote establishing such series, and such directors so elected shall not be divided into classes pursuant to this Article FIFTH unless expressly provided by such terms. This Section 2 of Article FIFTH may not be amended, revised or revoked, in whole or in part, except by the affirmative vote of the holders of 75% of the voting power of the shares of all classes of stock of the Corporation entitled to vote for the election of directors, considered for the purposes of this Article FIFTH as one class of stock.

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3. Each director chosen to fill a vacancy in the Board of Directors shall be elected to complete the term of office of the director who is being succeeded. In the case of any election of a new director to fill a directorship created by an enlargement of the Board, the Board shall in such election assign the class of directors to which such additional director is being elected, and each director so elected shall hold office for the same term as the other members of the class to which the director is assigned.

4. Except as otherwise determined by the Board of Directors in establishing a series of Preferred Stock as to directors elected by holders of such series, at any special meeting of the stockholders called at least in part for the purpose, any director or directors may, by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least a majority of the stock entitled to vote for the election of directors, be removed from office for cause. The provisions of this subsection shall be the exclusive method for the removal of directors. This Section 4 of Article FIFTH may not be amended, revised or revoked, in whole or in part, except by the affirmative vote of the holders of 75% of the voting power of the shares of all classes of stock of the Corporation entitled to vote for the election of directors, considered for the purposes of this Article FIFTH as one class of stock.

5. Elections of directors need not be by written ballot.

6. The Board of Directors of the Corporation is expressly authorized to adopt, amend or repeal the bylaws of the Corporation.

7. Meetings of stockholders may be held anywhere within or without the State of Delaware. The books of the Corporation may be kept outside the State of Delaware at such place or places as may be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors or in the bylaws of the Corporation.

SIXTH: No action required to be taken or that may be taken at any annual or special meeting of stockholders of the Corporation may be taken by written consent without a meeting, and the power of stockholders to consent in writing, without a meeting, to the taking of any action is specifically denied.

This Article SIXTH may not be amended, revised or revoked, in whole or in part, except by the affirmative vote of the holders of 75% of the voting power of the shares of all classes of stock of the Corporation entitled to vote for the election of directors, considered for the purposes of this Article SIXTH as one class of stock.

SEVENTH: The Corporation reserves the right to amend, alter, change or repeal any provisions contained in this Restated Certificate of Incorporation in the manner now or hereafter prescribed by statute, and all rights conferred upon stockholders are granted subject to this reservation.

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EIGHTH:

1. To the fullest extent that the Delaware General Corporation Law or any other law of the State of Delaware (as they exist on the date hereof or as they may hereafter be amended) permits the limitation or elimination of the liability of directors, no director of the Corporation shall be liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director. No amendment to, or modification or repeal of, this Article EIGHTH shall adversely affect any right or protection of a director of the Corporation existing hereunder with respect to any state of facts existing or act or omission occurring, or any cause of action, suit or claim that, but for this Article EIGHTH, would accrue or arise, prior to such amendment, modification or repeal. If, after this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation is filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, the Delaware General Corporation Law or such other law is amended to authorized corporation action further eliminating or limiting the personal liability of directors, then the liability of a director of the Corporation shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law or such other law, as so amended.

2. The Corporation shall indemnify and advance expenses to, and hold harmless, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law as it presently exists or may hereafter be amended, any person (an “Indemnitee”) who was or is made, or is threatened to be made, a party or is otherwise involved in any action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administration or investigation (a “Proceeding”), by reason of the fact that he or she, or a person for whom he or she is the legal representative, is or was a director or an officer of the Corporation or, while a director or an officer of the Corporation, is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee, member, trustee or agent of another corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, trust, nonprofit entity or other enterprise (including service with respect to employee benefit plans), against all liability and loss suffered (including expenses (including attorneys’ fees and expenses), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement and reasonably incurred by such Indemnitee). Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, the Corporation shall be required to indemnify, or advance expenses to, an Indemnitee in connection with a Proceeding (or part thereof) commenced by such Indemnitee only if the commencement of such Proceeding (or party thereof) by the Indemnitee was authorized by the Board of Directors of the Corporation or the Proceeding (or party thereof) relates to the enforcement of the Corporation’s obligations under this Article EIGHTH.

3. The indemnification provided in this Article EIGHTH is not exclusive of other indemnification rights arising under any bylaw, agreement, vote of directors or stockholders or otherwise, and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs and legal representatives of such Indemnitee.

4. Any Indemnitees shall be deemed to have met the standard of conduct required for such indemnification unless the contrary has been established by a final, non-appealable judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction.

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5. As between the Corporation and affiliates of the Corporation (other than its direct or indirect subsidiaries) who provide indemnification to the Indemnitees for their service to, or on behalf of, the Corporation (collectively, the “Affiliate Indemnitors”) (i) the Corporation is the indemnitor of first resort with respect to all claims indemnifiable pursuant to this Article EIGHTH against any such Indemnitee (i.e., the Corporation’s obligations to such Indemnitees are primary and any obligation of any Affiliate Indemnitor to advance expenses or to provide indemnification for the same loss or liability incurred by such Indemnitees is secondary), (ii) the Corporation shall be required to advance the full amount of expenses incurred by any such Indemnitee and shall be liable for the full amount of all liability and loss suffered by such Indemnitee (including expenses (including attorneys’ fees and expenses), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement and reasonably incurred by such Indemnitee), without regard to any rights any such Indemnitee may have against any Affiliate Indemnitor and (iii) the Corporation irrevocably waives, relinquishes and releases each Affiliate Indemnitor from any and all claims against such Affiliate Indemnitor for contribution, subrogation or any other recovery of any kind in respect thereof. The Corporation shall indemnify each Affiliate Indemnitor directly for any amounts that such Affiliate Indemnitor pay as indemnification or advancement on behalf of any such Indemnitee and for which such Indemnitee may be entitled to indemnification from the Corporation pursuant to this Article EIGHTH. No advancement or payment by any Affiliate Indemnitor on behalf of such Indemnitee with respect to any claim for which such Indemnitee has sought indemnification from the Corporation shall affect the foregoing and the Affiliate Indemnitors shall be subrogated to the extent of such advancement or payment to all of the rights of recovery of such Indemnitee against the Corporation.

NINTH:

1. Unless the Board of Directors or one of its committees otherwise approves, in accordance with Section 141 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporate and the bylaws of the Corporation, the selection of an alternate forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (or, if the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware does not have jurisdiction, the Superior Court of the State of Delaware or, if the Superior Court of the State of Delaware also does not have jurisdiction, the United States District Court for the District of Delaware) shall, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought by or on behalf of the Corporation, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer or other employee of the Corporation to the Corporation or the Corporation’ stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim against the Corporation arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL, this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or the bylaws of the Corporation, (iv) any action to interpret, apply, enforce or determine the validity of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or the bylaws of the Corporation or (v) any action asserting a claim against the Corporation governed by the internal affairs doctrine (each, a “Covered Proceeding”); provided that, the provisions of this Article NINTH will not apply to suits brought to enforce any liability or duty created by the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or any other claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction; and provided further that, if and only if the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware dismisses any such action for lack of subject matter jurisdiction, such action may be brought in another state or federal court sitting in the State of Delaware.

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2. If any action the subject matter of which is a Covered Proceeding is filed in a court other than the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware, or, where permitted in accordance with paragraph (a) above, the Superior Court of the State of Delaware of the United States District Court for the District of Delaware (each, a “Foreign Action”), in the name of any person or entity (a “Claiming Party”) without the prior approval of the Board of Directors or one of its committees in the manner described in paragraph 1 above, such Claiming Party shall be deemed to have consented to (i) the personal jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware or, where applicable, the Superior Court of the State of Delaware and the United States District Court for the District of Delaware, in connection with any action brought in any such courts to enforce paragraph 1 above (an “Enforcement Action”) and (ii) having service of process made upon such Claiming Party in any such Enforcement Action by service upon such Claiming Party’s counsel in the Foreign Action as agent for such Claiming Party.

3. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in the shares of capital stock of the Corporation shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to the provisions of this Article NINTH and waived any argument relating to the inconvenience of the forums referenced above in connection with any Covered Proceeding.

4. Unless the Corporation consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the federal district courts of the United States shall be the exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in any security of the Corporation shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to this provision.

TENTH: In furtherance and not in limitation of the powers conferred upon it by the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, and subject to the terms of any series of Preferred Stock, the Board of Directors shall have the power to adopt, amend, alter or repeal the bylaws of the Corporation by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors present at any regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors at which a quorum is present. The stockholders may not adopt, amend, alter or repeal the bylaws of the Corporation, or adopt any provision inconsistent therewith, unless such action is approved, in addition to any other vote required by this Certificate of Incorporation, by the affirmative vote of the holders of capital stock representing at least 75% of the votes that all the stockholders would be entitled to cast in any annual election of directors or class of directors. Notwithstanding any other provisions of law, this Certificate of Incorporation or the bylaws of the Corporation, and notwithstanding the fact that a lesser percentage may be specified by law, the affirmative vote of the holders of capital stock representing at least 75% of the votes which all the stockholders would be entitled to cast in any annual election of directors or class of directors shall be required to amend or repeal, or to adopt any provision inconsistent with, this Article TENTH.

ELEVENTH: Special meetings of stockholders for any purpose or purposes may be called at any time by only the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer or, if no person then holds the title Chief Executive Officer, the President, and may not be called by any other person or persons. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, this Certificate of Incorporation or the bylaws of the Corporation, and notwithstanding the fact that a lesser percentage may be specified by law, the affirmative vote of the holders of capital stock representing at least 75% of the votes which all the stockholders would be entitled to cast in any annual election of directors or class of directors shall be required to amend or repeal, or to adopt any provision inconsistent with, this Article ELEVENTH.

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has duly executed this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation in the name and on behalf of Mink Therapeutics, Inc. on the day of October 19, 2021.

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Exhibit 3.2

AMENDED AND RESTATED BY-LAWS

OF

MINK THERAPEUTICS, INC.

Originally adopted by the Incorporator on July 5, 2017.

Amended and restated by the Board of Directors on October 19, 2021.

ARTICLE I

STOCKHOLDERS

SECTION 1. PLACE OF MEETINGS. All meetings of stockholders shall be held at the principal office of the corporation or at such other place as may be named in the notice.

SECTION 2. ANNUAL MEETING. The annual meeting of stockholders for the election of directors and the transaction of such other business as may properly come before the meeting shall be held on such date and at such hour and place as the directors or an officer designated by the directors may determine. If the annual meeting is not held on the date designated therefor, the directors shall cause the meeting to be held as soon thereafter as convenient.

SECTION 3. REMOTE COMMUNICATION. For the purposes of these by-laws, if authorized by the Board of Directors in its sole discretion, and subject to such guidelines and procedures as the Boards of Directors may adopt, stockholders and proxyholders not physically present at a meeting of stockholders may, by means of remote communication, including electronic transmission or telephonic means: (a) participate in a meeting of stockholders and (b) be deemed present in person and vote at a meeting of stockholders whether such meeting is to be held at a designated place or solely by means of remote communication.

SECTION 4. SPECIAL MEETINGS. Special meetings of the stockholders may be called at any time by Chairman of the Board, if any, the President or a majority of the Board of Directors.

SECTION 5. NOTICE OF MEETINGS. Except where some other notice is required by law or permitted, written notice of each meeting of stockholders, stating the place, date and hour thereof and the purposes for which the meeting is called, and the means of remote communication, if any, by which stockholders and proxyholders may be deemed to be present and vote at such meeting, shall be given by the Secretary under the direction of the Board of Directors or the President, not less than 10 nor more than 60 days before the date fixed for such meeting, to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at such meeting. Notice to stockholders may be given in writing or by electronic transmission. If given in writing, notice may be given personally to each stockholder or left at his or her residence or usual place of business or mailed postage prepaid and addressed to the stockholder at his or her address as it appears upon the records of the corporation. In case of the death, absence, incapacity or refusal of the Secretary, such notice may be given by a person designated either by the Secretary or by the person or

persons calling the meeting or by the Board of Directors. A waiver of such notice in writing, signed by the person or persons entitled to said notice or waiver by electronic transmission by the person entitled to such notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to such notice. Attendance of a person at a meeting of stockholders shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the stockholder attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the stockholders need be specified in any written waiver of notice or any waiver by electronic transmission. Except as required by statute, notice of any adjourned meeting of the stockholders shall not be required. Any notice to stockholders given by the corporation shall be effective if given by a form of electronic transmission to which the stockholder to whom the notice is given has consented.

SECTION 6. RECORD DATE. The Board of Directors may fix in advance a record date for the determination of the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders, or entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights, or entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action. Such record date shall not be more than 60 nor less than 10 days before the date of such meeting, nor more than 60 days before any other action to which such record date relates. If no record date is fixed, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day before the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day before the day on which the meeting is held, and the record date for determining stockholders for any other purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution relating to such purpose. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting.

SECTION 7. NOMINATION OF DIRECTORS. Except where required by law or any stock exchange regulation, only persons who are nominated in accordance with the following procedures shall be eligible for election as directors at any annual or special meeting of stockholders. Nominations of persons for election as directors may be made only by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, or by any stockholder entitled to vote for the election of directors at the meeting in compliance with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 7. Such nominations, other than those made by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, shall be made pursuant to timely notice in writing to the Chairman of the Board, if any, the President or the Secretary. To be timely, a stockholder’s notice shall be delivered to or mailed and received at the principal executive offices of the corporation by the close of business on the Advance Notice Date. For the purposes of these by-laws, the “Advance Notice Date” shall be one of the following:

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Such stockholder’s notice shall set forth (a) as to each person whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election or re-election as a director, (i) the name, age, business address and residence address of the person, (ii) the principal occupation or employment of the person, (iii) the class and number of shares of capital stock and other securities of the corporation that are beneficially owned by the person and whether and the extent to which any hedging or other transaction or series of transactions has been entered into by or on behalf of, or any other agreement, arrangement or understanding has been made, the effect or intent of which is to increase or decrease the voting power or economic interest of, such person with respect to the corporation’s securities, and (iv) any other information relating to the person that is required to be disclosed in solicitations for proxies for election of directors pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), or any successor provision thereto or which the corporation may reasonably require to determine the eligibility of the proposed nominee to serve as director of the corporation or whether such nominee would be independent under applicable regulations and the corporation’s corporate governance guidelines; and (b) as to the stockholder giving the notice and each Stockholder Associated Person, (i) the name and record address of such person, (ii) the class and number of securities of the corporation that are beneficially owned by such person, and (iii) any derivative positions held or beneficially held by the person and whether and the extent to which any hedging or other transaction or series of transactions has been entered into by or on behalf of, or any other agreement, arrangement or understanding has been made, the effect or intent of which is to increase or decrease the voting power or economic interest of, such person, with respect to the corporation’s securities. In addition, such stockholder’s notice shall include information as to any material relationships, including financial transactions and compensation, between the stockholder and the proposed nominee. Any nominee proposed by a stockholder shall complete a questionnaire, in a form provided by the corporation upon the written request of the stockholder, and such completed questionnaire shall be submitted with the stockholder proponent’s notice.

For purposes of these by-laws, a “Stockholder Associated Person” of any stockholder means (i) any “affiliate” or “associate” (as those terms are defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act) of the stockholder who owns beneficially or of record any capital stock or other securities of the corporation and (ii) any person acting in concert with such stockholder or any affiliate or associate of such stockholder with respect to the capital stock or other securities of the corporation.

The chairman of the meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that a nomination was not made in accordance with the foregoing procedure, and if the chairman should so determine, he or she shall so declare to the meeting and the defective nomination shall be disregarded.

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SECTION 8. ADVANCE NOTICE OF BUSINESS AT ANNUAL MEETINGS. At any annual meeting of the stockholders, only such business shall be conducted as shall have been properly brought before the meeting. To be brought properly before an annual meeting, business must be either (a) specified in the notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the President or the Board of Directors, (b) otherwise properly brought before the meeting by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, or (c) properly brought before the meeting by a stockholder. In addition to any other applicable requirements, for business to be brought properly before an annual meeting by a stockholder, whether through inclusion in the corporation’s proxy materials pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act, or any successor provision thereto, or through the stockholder’s independent proxy solicitation, the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Chairman of the Board, if any, the President or the Secretary, and the business must be a proper matter for stockholder action. To be timely, a stockholder’s notice must be delivered to or mailed and received at the principal executive offices of the corporation by the close of business on the Advance Notice Date as defined in Section 7 of Article I hereof. A stockholder’s notice shall set forth as to each matter the stockholder proposes to bring before the annual meeting (a) a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the annual meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at the annual meeting, (b) the name and record address of the stockholder proposing such business, (c) the class and number of shares of capital stock and other securities of the corporation that are beneficially owned by the stockholder and each Stockholder Association Person, (d) any derivative positions held or beneficially held by the stockholder and any Stockholder Associated Person and whether and the extent to which any hedging or other transaction or series of transactions has been entered into by or on behalf of, or any other agreement, arrangement or understanding has been made, the effect or intent of which is to increase or decrease the voting power or economic interest of, such stockholder or any Stockholder Associated Person with respect to the corporation’s securities and (e) any material interest, in, and any agreement or understanding with respect to, such business of the stockholder or any Stockholder Associated Person.

Notwithstanding anything in these by-laws to the contrary, no business shall be conducted at the annual meeting except in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 8, provided, however, that nothing in this Section 8 shall be deemed to preclude discussion by any stockholder of any business properly brought before the annual meeting in accordance with said procedure.

The chairman of an annual meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that business was not properly brought before the meeting in accordance with the foregoing procedure, and if the chairman should so determine, he or she shall so declare to the meeting and any such business not properly brought before the meeting shall not be transacted.

SECTION 9. VOTING LIST. The officer who has charge of the stock ledger of the corporation shall make or have made, at least 10 days before every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders, arranged in alphabetical order and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder for any purpose germane to the meeting, during ordinary business hours, for a period of at least 10 days before the meeting. The list shall also be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof, and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present. The stock ledger shall be the only evidence as to who are the stockholders entitled to examine the stock ledger, the list required by this section or the books of the corporation, or to vote at any meeting of stockholders.

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SECTION 10. QUORUM OF STOCKHOLDERS. At any meeting of the stockholders, the holders of a majority in interest of all stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote upon a question to be considered at the meeting, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum for the consideration of such question, but in the absence of a quorum the stockholders entitled to vote there at, present in person or represented by proxy, may adjourn any meeting from time to time. A quorum, once established at a meeting, shall not be broken by a withdrawal of such number of votes to leave less than a quorum present. When a quorum is present at any meeting, a majority of the votes properly cast shall, except where a different vote is required by law, by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these by-laws, decide any question brought before such meeting. Any election of directors by stockholders shall be determined by a plurality of the vote cast by the stockholders entitled to vote at the election.

SECTION 11. PROXIES AND VOTING. Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, each stockholder shall at every meeting of the stockholders be entitled to one vote in person or by proxy for each share of the capital stock held of record by such stockholder, but no proxy shall be voted or acted upon after 3 years from its date, unless said proxy provides for a longer period. Persons holding stock in a fiduciary capacity shall be entitled to vote the shares so held, and persons whose stock is pledged shall be entitled to vote unless in the transfer by the pledgor on the books of the corporation the pledgee shall have been expressly empowered to vote thereon, in which case only the pledgee or the pledgee’s proxy may represent said stock and vote thereon. Shares of the capital stock of the corporation belonging to the corporation or to another corporation, a majority of whose shares entitled to vote in the election of directors is owned by the corporation, shall neither be entitled to vote nor be counted for quorum purposes.

SECTION 12. CONDUCT OF MEETING. Meetings of the stockholders shall be presided over by one of the following officers in the order specified and if present and acting: the Chairman of the Board, if any, the Vice Chairman of the Board, if any, the President, a Vice-President (and, in the event there be more than one person in any such office, in the order of their seniority), or, if none of the foregoing is in office and present and acting, a chairman designated by the Board of Directors or, in the absence of such designation, a chairman chosen by the stockholders at the meeting. The Secretary of the corporation, if present, or an Assistant Secretary, shall act as secretary of every meeting, but if neither the Secretary nor an Assistant Secretary is present the chairman of the meeting shall appoint a secretary of the meeting.

The Board of Directors may adopt such rules, regulations and procedures for the conduct of the meeting of stockholders as it shall deem appropriate. Except to the extent inconsistent with such rules and regulations as adopted by the Board of Directors, the chairman of the meeting shall have the right and authority to prescribe such rules, regulations and procedures and to do all such acts as, in the judgement of such chairman, are appropriate for the proper conduct of the meeting. Such rules, regulations or procedures, whether adopted by the Board of Directors or prescribed by the chairman of the meeting, may include, without limitation, (a) the establishment of an agenda or order of business for the meeting, (b) rules and procedures for maintaining order at the meeting and the safety of those present, (c) limitations on attendance at

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or participation in the meeting to stockholders of record of the corporation, their duly authorized and constituted proxies or such other persons as the chairman of the meeting shall determine, (d) restrictions on entry to the meeting after the time fixed for the commencement thereof, and (e) limitations on the time allotted to questions or comments by participants. Unless and to the extent determined by the Board of Directors or the chairman of the meeting, meetings of stockholders shall not be required to be held in accordance with the rules of parliamentary procedure.

ARTICLE II

DIRECTORS

SECTION 1. GENERAL POWERS. The business and affairs of the corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of a Board of Directors, who may exercise all of the powers of the corporation that are not by law required to be exercised by the stockholders. In the event of a vacancy in the Board of Directors, the remaining directors, except as otherwise provided by law, may exercise the powers of the lull Board until the vacancy is filled.

SECTION 2. ELECTION. The directors shall be elected in the manner provided in the Certificate of Incorporation and these by-laws, by such stockholders as have the right to vote thereon.

SECTION 3. VACANCIES. Unless and until filled by the stockholders and except as otherwise determined by the Board of Directors in establishing a series of Preferred Stock as to directors elected by the holders of such series, any vacancy in the Board of Directors, however occurring, including a vacancy resulting from an enlargement of the Board and an unfilled vacancy resulting from the removal of any director, may be filled by vote of a majority of the directors then in office although less than a quorum, or by the sole remaining director. Each director so chosen to fill a vacancy shall serve for a term determined in the manner provided in the Certificate of Incorporation. When one or more directors shall resign from the Board, effective at a future date, a majority of the directors then in office, including those who have so resigned, shall have the power to fill such vacancy or vacancies, the vote thereon to take effect when such resignation or resignations shall become effective. If at any time there are no directors in office, then an election of directors may be held in accordance with the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.

SECTION 4. RESIGNATION. Any director may resign at any time by notice given in writing or by electronic transmission to the corporation. Such resignation shall take effect at the time specified therein, or if no time is specified, at the time of its receipt by the Chairman of the Board, if any, the President or the Secretary.

SECTION 5. REMOVAL. Directors may be removed from office only as provided under applicable law. The vacancy or vacancies created by the removal of a director may be filled by the stockholders at the meeting held for the purpose of removal or, if not so filled, by the directors in the manner provided in Section 3 of this Article II.

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SECTION 6. COMMITTEES. The Board of Directors may, by resolution or resolutions passed by the Board of Directors, designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more directors of the corporation. The Board of Directors may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee to replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. In the absence or disqualification of any member of any such committee, the member or members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not such member or members constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the Board of Directors to act at the meeting in the place of such absent or disqualified member. The Board of Directors shall have the power to change the members of any such committee at any time, to fill vacancies therein and to discharge any such committee, either with or without cause, at any time.

Any such committee, to the extent permitted by law and to the extent provided in the resolution of the Board of Directors or in these by-laws, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs of the corporation, and may authorize the seal of the corporation to be affixed to all papers that may require it.

A majority of all the members of any such committee may fix its rules of procedure, determine its action and fix the time and place, whether within or without the State of Delaware, of its meetings and specify what notice thereof, if any, shall be given, unless the Board of Directors shall otherwise by resolution provide. Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its meetings and make such reports as the Board of Directors may from time to time request.

SECTION 7. MEETINGS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS. Regular meetings of the Board of Directors may be held without call or formal notice at such places either within or without the State of Delaware and at such times as the Board may by vote from time to time determine. A regular meeting of the Board of Directors may be held without call or formal notice immediately after and at the same place as the annual meeting of the stockholders, or any special meeting of the stockholders at which a Board of Directors is elected.

Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be held at any place either within or without the State of Delaware at any time when called by the Chairman of the Board, if any, the President, the Secretary or two or more directors. Reasonable notice of the time and place of a special meeting shall be given to each director unless such notice is waived by attendance or by waiver in writing or by electronic transmission. Notice may be given by, or by a person designated by, the Secretary, the person or persons calling the meeting, or the Board of Directors. No notice of any adjourned meeting of the Board of Directors shall be required. In any case it shall be deemed sufficient notice to a director to send notice by mail addressed to such director at his or her usual or last known business or home address at least seventy-two hours, or by e-mail or facsimile transmission at least twenty-four hours, before the meeting.

Attendance by a director at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting except when a director attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to a deficient notice of such meeting.

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Directors or members of any committee may participate in a meeting of the Board of Directors or of such committee by means of conference telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and participation by such means shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.

SECTION 8. QUORUM AND VOTING. A majority of the total number of directors shall constitute a quorum, except that when a vacancy or vacancies exist in the Board, a majority of the directors then in office (but not less than one-third of the total number of the directors) shall constitute a quorum. A majority of the directors present, whether or not a quorum is present, may adjourn any meeting from time to time. The vote of a majority of the directors present at any meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Board of Directors, except where a different vote is required by law, by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these by-laws.

SECTION 9. COMPENSATION. The Board of Directors may fix fees for their services and for their membership on or chairmanship of committees, and expenses of attendance may be allowed for attendance at each meeting. Nothing herein contained shall be construed to preclude any director from serving the corporation in any other capacity, as an officer, agent or otherwise, and receiving compensation therefor.

SECTION 10. ACTION WITHOUT MEETING. Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting and without notice if all members of the Board of Directors or of such committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission and the writing or writings and electronic transmission or electronic transmissions are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board of Directors or of such committee.

ARTICLE III

OFFICERS

SECTION 1. TITLES. The officers of the corporation shall consist of a President, a Secretary, a Treasurer and such other officers with such other titles as the Board of Directors shall determine, who may include without limitation a Chairman of the Board, a Vice-Chairman of the Board, and one or more Vice-Presidents, Assistant Treasurers or Assistant Secretaries.

SECTION 2. ELECTION AND TERM OF OFFICE. The officers of the corporation shall be elected annually by the Board of Directors at its first meeting following the annual meeting of the stockholders. Each officer shall hold office until his or her successor is elected and qualified, unless a different term is specified in the vote electing such officer, or until his or her earlier death, resignation or removal.

SECTION 3. QUALIFICATION. Unless otherwise provided by resolution of the Board of Directors, no officer, other than the Chairman or Vice-Chairman of the Board, need be a director. No officer need be a stockholder. Any number of offices may be held by the same person, as the directors shall determine.

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SECTION 4. REMOVAL. Any officer may be removed, with or without cause, at any time, by resolution adopted by the Board of Directors.

SECTION 5. RESIGNATION. Any officer may resign by delivering resignation to the corporation at its principal office or to the Chairman of the Board, if any, the President or the Secretary. Such resignation shall be effective upon receipt or at such later time as may be specified therein.

SECTION 6. VACANCIES. The Board of Directors may at any time fill any vacancy occurring in any office for the unexpired portion of the term and may leave unfilled for such period as it may determine any office other than those of President, Treasurer and Secretary.

SECTION 7. POWERS AND DUTIES. The officers of the corporation shall have such powers and perform such duties as are specified herein and as may be conferred upon or assigned to them by the Board of Directors and shall have such additional powers and duties as are incident to their office except to the extent that resolutions of the Board of Directors are inconsistent therewith.

SECTION 8. PRESIDENT AND VICE PRESIDENTS. Except to the extent that such duties are assigned by the Board of Directors to the Chairman of the Board, or in the absence of the Chairman or in the event of his or her inability or refusal to act, the President shall be the chief executive officer of the corporation and shall have general and active management of the business of the corporation and general supervision of its officers, agents and employees, and shall see that all orders and resolutions of the Board of Directors are carried into effect. The President shall preside at each meeting of the stockholders and the Board of Directors unless a Chairman or Vice-Chairman of the Board is elected by the Board and is assigned the duty of presiding at such meeting.

The Board of Directors may assign to any Vice-President the title of Executive Vice-President, Senior Vice-President or any other title selected by the Board of Directors. In the absence of the President or in the event of his or her inability or refusal to act, the duties of the President shall be performed by the Executive Vice-President, if any, Senior Vice President, if any, or Vice President, if any, in that order (and, in the event there be more than one person in any such office, in the order of their seniority), and when so acting, such officer shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the President.

SECTION 9. SECRETARY AND ASSISTANT SECRETARIES. The Secretary shall attend all meetings of the Board of Directors and of the stockholders and record all the proceedings of such meetings in a book to be kept for that purpose, shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of the stockholders and special meetings of the Board of Directors, shall maintain a stock ledger and prepare lists of stockholders and their addresses as required and shall have custody of the corporate seal, which the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary shall have authority to affix to any instrument requiring it and attest by any of their signatures. The Board of Directors may give general authority to any other officer to affix and attest the seal of the corporation.

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Any Assistant Secretary may, in the absence of the Secretary or in the event of the Secretary’s inability or refusal to act, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Secretary.

SECTION 10. TREASURER AND ASSISTANT TREASURERS. The Treasurer shall have the custody of the corporate funds and securities, shall keep lull and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the corporation and shall deposit all moneys and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the corporation in such depositories as may be designated by or pursuant to resolution of the Board of Directors. The Treasurer shall disburse the funds of the corporation as may be ordered by the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board, if any, or the President, taking proper vouchers for such disbursements, and shall render to the Chairman of the Board, if any, the President and the Board of Directors, at its regular meetings or whenever they may require it, an account of all transactions and of the financial condition of the corporation.

Any Assistant Treasurer may, in the absence of the Treasurer or in the event of his or her inability or refusal to act, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Treasurer.

SECTION 11. BONDED OFFICERS. The Board of Directors may require any officer to give the corporation a bond in such sum and with such surety or sureties as shall be satisfactory to the Board of Directors upon such terms and conditions as the Board of Directors may specify, including without limitation a bond for the faithful performance of the duties of such officer and for the restoration to the corporation of all property in his or her possession or control belonging to the corporation.

SECTION 12. SALARIES. Officers of the corporation shall be entitled to such salaries, compensation or reimbursement as shall be fixed or allowed from time to time by the Board of Directors or any committee thereof appointed for the purpose.

ARTICLE IV

STOCK

SECTION 1. CERTIFICATES OF STOCK. Shares of the capital stock of the corporation may be certificated or uncertificated, as provided under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware. Stock certificates shall be signed by the Chairman or Vice-Chairman of the Board of Directors or by the President or a Vice-President and by the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer or the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary certifying the number of shares owned by the stockholder in the corporation. Any or all signatures on any such certificate may be facsimiles. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who shall have signed or whose facsimile signature shall have been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the corporation with the same effect as if he or she were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue

Each certificate for shares of stock that are subject to any restriction on transfer pursuant to the Certificate of Incorporation, the by-laws, applicable securities laws, or any agreement among any number of stockholders or among such holders and the corporation shall have conspicuously noted on the face or back of the certificate either the full text of the restriction or a statement of the existence of such restriction.

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SECTION 2. TRANSFERS OF SHARES OF STOCK. Subject to the restrictions, if any, stated or noted on the stock certificates, or, in the case of uncertificated shares, contained in the notice or notices sent pursuant to applicable law, shares of stock may be transferred on the books of the corporation, if such shares are certificated, by the surrender to the corporation or its transfer agent of the certificate representing such shares properly endorsed or accompanied by a written assignment or power of attorney properly executed, or upon proper instruction from the holder of uncertificated shares, in each case, with such proof of authority or the authenticity of signature as the corporation or its transfer agent may reasonably require. The corporation shall be entitled to treat the record holder of stock as shown on its books as the owner of such stock for all purposes, including the payment of dividends and the right to vote with respect to that stock, regardless of any transfer, pledge or other disposition of that stock, until the shares have been transferred on the books of the corporation in accordance with the requirements of these bylaws.

SECTION 3. LOST CERTIFICATES. A new stock certificate or uncertificated shares may be issued in the place of any certificate theretofore issued by the corporation and alleged to have been lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated, upon such terms in conformity with law as the Board of Directors shall prescribe. The directors may, in their discretion, require the owner of the lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated certificate, or the owner’s legal representatives, to give the corporation a bond, in such sum as they may direct, to indemnify the corporation against any claim that may be made against it on account of the alleged loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of any such certificate, or the issuance of any such new certificate or uncertificated shares.

SECTION 4. FRACTIONAL SHARE INTERESTS. The corporation may, but shall not be required to, issue fractions of a share. If the corporation does not issue fractions of a share, it shall (i) arrange for the disposition of fractional interests by those entitled thereto, (ii) pay in cash the fair value of fractions of a share as of the time when those entitled to receive such fractions are determined, or (iii) issue scrip or warrants in registered or bearer form, which shall entitle the holder to receive a lull share upon the surrender of such scrip or warrants aggregating a full share. A fractional share shall, but scrip or warrants shall not unless otherwise provided therein, entitle the holder to exercise voting rights, to receive dividends thereon, and to participate in any of the assets of the corporation in the event of liquidation. The Board of Directors may cause scrip or warrants to be issued subject to the conditions that they shall become void if not exchanged for certificates representing full shares before a specified date, or subject to the conditions that the shares for which scrip or warrants are exchangeable may be sold by the corporation and the proceeds thereof distributed to the holders of scrip or warrants, or subject to any other conditions that the Board of Directors may impose.

SECTION 5. DIVIDENDS. Subject to the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation, the Board of Directors may, out of funds legally available therefor, at any regular or special meeting, declare dividends upon the capital stock of the corporation as and when they deem expedient.

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ARTICLE V

GENERAL PROVISIONS

SECTION 1. FISCAL YEAR. Except as otherwise designated from time to time by the Board of Directors, the fiscal year of the corporation shall begin on the first day of January and end on the last day of December.

SECTION 2. CORPORATE SEAL. The corporate seal shall be in such form as shall be approved by the Board of Directors. The Secretary shall be the custodian of the seal, and a duplicate seal may be kept and used by each Assistant Secretary and by any other officer the Board of Directors may authorize.

SECTION 3. CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION. All references in these by-laws to the Certificate of Incorporation shall be deemed to refer to the Certificate of Incorporation of the corporation, as in effect from time to time.

SECTION 4. EXECUTION OF INSTRUMENTS. The President, the Treasurer and the Secretary shall have power to execute and deliver on behalf and in the name of the corporation any instrument requiring the signature of an officer of the corporation, including deeds, contracts, mortgages, bonds, notes, debentures, checks, drafts and other orders for the payment of money. In addition, the Board of Directors, the President, the Treasurer and the Secretary may expressly delegate such powers to any other officer or agent of the corporation.

SECTION 5. VOTING OF SECURITIES. The President, the Treasurer and the Secretary, and each other person authorized by the Board of Directors, each acting singly, may waive notice of, and act as, or appoint any person or persons to act as, proxy or attorney-in-fact for this corporation (with or without power of substitution) at any meeting of stockholders or owners of other interests of any other corporation or organization the securities of which may be held by this corporation. In addition, the Board of Directors, the President and the Treasurer may expressly delegate such powers to any other officer or agent of the corporation.

SECTION 6. EVIDENCE OF AUTHORITY. A certificate by the Secretary, an Assistant Secretary or a temporary secretary as to any action taken by the stockholders, directors, a committee or any officer or representative of the corporation shall, as to all persons who rely on the certificate in good faith, be conclusive evidence of that action.

SECTION 7. TRANSACTIONS WITH INTERESTED PARTIES. No contract or transaction between the corporation and one or more of the directors or officers, or between the corporation and any other corporation, partnership, association or other organization in which one or more of the directors or officers are directors or officers or have a financial interest, shall be void or voidable solely for that reason or solely because the director or officer is present at or participates in the meeting of the Board of Directors or a committee of the Board of Directors that authorizes the contract or transaction or solely because the vote of any such director is counted for such purpose, if:

(1) The material facts as to the relationship or interest and as to the contract or transaction are disclosed or are known to the Board of Directors or such committee, and the Board or committee in good faith authorizes the contract or transaction by the affirmative votes of a majority of the disinterested directors, even though the disinterested directors be less than a quorum; or

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(2) The material facts as to the relationship or interest and as to the contract or transaction are disclosed or are known to the stockholders entitled to vote thereon, and the contract or transaction is specifically approved in good faith by vote of the stockholders; or

(3) The contract or transaction is fair to the corporation as of the time it is authorized, approved or ratified by the Board of Directors, a committee of the Board of Directors or the stockholders.

Common or interested directors may be counted in determining the presence of a quorum at a meeting of the Board of Directors or of a committee that authorizes the contract or transaction.

SECTION 8. BOOKS AND RECORDS. The books and records of the corporation shall be kept at such places within or without the State of Delaware as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine.

ARTICLE VI

AMENDMENTS

SECTION 1. BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS. These by-laws may be altered, amended or repealed or new by-laws may be adopted by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors present at any regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors at which a quorum is present.

SECTION 2. BY THE STOCKHOLDERS. In addition to any requirements of law and any provision of the Certificate of Incorporation, these by-laws may be altered, amended or repealed or new by-laws may be adopted by the affirmative vote of the holders of capital stock representing at least 75% of the votes which all the stockholders would be entitled to cast in any annual election of directors or class of directors, at any regular meeting of stockholders, or at any special meeting of stockholders, provided notice of such alteration, amendment, repeal or adoption of new by-laws shall have been stated in the notice of such special meeting.

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